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1.王老吉加多寶知名商品特有包裝裝潢糾紛案

　 廣東加多寶飲料食品有限公司與廣州王老吉大健康產業有限公司、廣州醫藥集團有限公司擅自使用知名商品特有包裝裝潢糾紛兩案〔最高人民法院（2015）民三終字第2、3號民事判決書〕　

　【案情摘要】　
　
   2012年7月6日，廣州醫(yi)藥集(ji)(ji)團有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)廣藥集(ji)(ji)團）與廣東(dong)加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)飲料(liao)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)）分(fen)別向(xiang)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)提起訴(su)訟，均(jun)主張(zhang)享(xiang)有(you)(you)“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶”知名商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)特有(you)(you)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)，并(bing)據此(ci)指(zhi)控對(dui)方(fang)(fang)生產銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)構(gou)成侵(qin)(qin)權(quan)(quan)。一(yi)(yi)審(shen)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)認為(wei)(wei)，“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶”包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)享(xiang)有(you)(you)者(zhe)(zhe)應為(wei)(wei)廣藥集(ji)(ji)團，廣州王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)大(da)(da)健(jian)(jian)康產業(ye)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)大(da)(da)健(jian)(jian)康公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)）經(jing)廣藥集(ji)(ji)團授權(quan)(quan)生產銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶不(bu)構(gou)成侵(qin)(qin)權(quan)(quan)。由(you)于加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)不(bu)享(xiang)有(you)(you)涉案(an)(an)(an)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)，故其(qi)(qi)生產銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)面(mian)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)”、一(yi)(yi)面(mian)“加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)”和兩(liang)面(mian)“加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶均(jun)構(gou)成侵(qin)(qin)權(quan)(quan)。一(yi)(yi)審(shen)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遂判(pan)令加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)停止(zhi)侵(qin)(qin)權(quan)(quan)行為(wei)(wei)，刊登聲明消(xiao)除影(ying)響，并(bing)賠償廣藥集(ji)(ji)團經(jing)濟(ji)損失1.5億元及(ji)合(he)(he)(he)理維權(quan)(quan)費用(yong)26萬余元，同時駁(bo)(bo)回(hui)(hui)加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訴(su)訟請求。加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)不(bu)服兩(liang)案(an)(an)(an)一(yi)(yi)審(shen)判(pan)決，向(xiang)最(zui)高人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)提起上訴(su)。最(zui)高人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)終審(shen)判(pan)決認為(wei)(wei)，本(ben)案(an)(an)(an)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知名商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)為(wei)(wei)“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶”，在紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶產品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)體上包(bao)(bao)括“黃色(se)(se)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)文字、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)底色(se)(se)等色(se)(se)彩、圖案(an)(an)(an)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)排列(lie)組(zu)合(he)(he)(he)等組(zu)成部分(fen)在內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體內(nei)容”，為(wei)(wei)知名商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)特有(you)(you)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)。廣藥集(ji)(ji)團與加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)均(jun)主張(zhang)對(dui)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特有(you)(you)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)享(xiang)有(you)(you)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)，最(zui)高人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)對(dui)此(ci)認為(wei)(wei)，結合(he)(he)(he)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)老吉(ji)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史發(fa)展過程、雙方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)作背景、消(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認知及(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)平原則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考(kao)量，因廣藥集(ji)(ji)團及(ji)其(qi)(qi)前身、加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)關聯企業(ye)，均(jun)對(dui)涉案(an)(an)(an)特有(you)(you)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形成、發(fa)展和商(shang)(shang)譽建樹，各自發(fa)揮了積極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，將(jiang)涉案(an)(an)(an)特有(you)(you)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)完全(quan)判(pan)歸一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)所有(you)(you)，均(jun)會導致顯失公(gong)(gong)(gong)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果，并(bing)可(ke)能損及(ji)社會公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾(zhong)利益(yi)。因此(ci)，涉案(an)(an)(an)知名商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)特有(you)(you)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)，在遵循誠實(shi)信用(yong)原則(ze)和尊重消(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)認知并(bing)不(bu)損害他人(ren)(ren)合(he)(he)(he)法(fa)權(quan)(quan)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提下(xia)，可(ke)由(you)廣藥集(ji)(ji)團與加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)共(gong)同享(xiang)有(you)(you)。在此(ci)基礎上，廣藥集(ji)(ji)團與加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)相互指(zhi)控對(dui)方(fang)(fang)生產銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)罐(guan)(guan)(guan)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)茶商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)構(gou)成擅自使用(yong)他人(ren)(ren)知名商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)特有(you)(you)包(bao)(bao)裝裝潢(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主張(zhang)，均(jun)不(bu)能成立(li)，對(dui)廣藥集(ji)(ji)團及(ji)加(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訴(su)訟請求均(jun)予以(yi)駁(bo)(bo)回(hui)(hui)。

　　【典型意義】

　　最高(gao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)公(gong)開(kai)開(kai)庭(ting)審(shen)理、宣(xuan)判(pan)(pan)(pan)王老吉(ji)與加(jia)多寶包裝裝潢糾紛兩(liang)案(an)(an)，新聞(wen)媒(mei)體、社(she)會(hui)(hui)公(gong)眾高(gao)度(du)關注。兩(liang)案(an)(an)宣(xuan)判(pan)(pan)(pan)后，人(ren)(ren)(ren)民日報(bao)、中(zhong)央電(dian)視臺、新華社(she)等主流媒(mei)體均在第一時(shi)間進(jin)行(xing)了(le)報(bao)道。社(she)會(hui)(hui)輿論高(gao)度(du)贊(zan)賞最高(gao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)判(pan)(pan)(pan)決(jue)“用(yong)法(fa)治收獲雙(shuang)(shuang)贏”，凸顯(xian)“司(si)法(fa)智慧”。境內外媒(mei)體高(gao)度(du)肯定本(ben)案(an)(an)判(pan)(pan)(pan)決(jue)對類似案(an)(an)件審(shen)判(pan)(pan)(pan)起(qi)到(dao)的(de)指導作用(yong)，認(ren)為(wei)本(ben)案(an)(an)具(ju)有重(zhong)大(da)標桿意(yi)義(yi)。與此(ci)同(tong)時(shi)，判(pan)(pan)(pan)決(jue)釋(shi)放出“平等保護不同(tong)產權”的(de)積極信號(hao)，推動行(xing)業(ye)不斷向前發展(zhan)，受到(dao)社(she)會(hui)(hui)各(ge)界認(ren)可。此(ci)外，兩(liang)案(an)(an)的(de)判(pan)(pan)(pan)決(jue)結果也(ye)獲得(de)了(le)雙(shuang)(shuang)方當事人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)尊(zun)重(zhong)，實現了(le)法(fa)律效果與社(she)會(hui)(hui)效果的(de)統(tong)一。

　　2.“榆林局”專利侵權糾紛行政處理案

　　西峽龍(long)成(cheng)特種材料有限公司與榆林市知(zhi)識產(chan)權局、陜西煤業化(hua)工(gong)集團神木天元化(hua)工(gong)有限公司專利侵(qin)權糾紛行(xing)政(zheng)處理案〔最高(gao)人民法院（2017）最高(gao)法行(xing)再84號行(xing)政(zheng)判(pan)決書〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)龍(long)成(cheng)特(te)種(zhong)材料有(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)）以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)陜西(xi)煤(mei)業化(hua)(hua)工集團神木(mu)天元化(hua)(hua)工有(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)天元公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)）制(zhi)造(zao)、使用的(de)設備侵(qin)犯其(qi)“內煤(mei)外熱式煤(mei)物質分解設備”實(shi)用新型專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)（即涉(she)案專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)）為(wei)(wei)由，請(qing)求榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)市知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)（以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)）行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。2015年9月(yue)1日，榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)榆(yu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)處(chu)字〔2015〕9號《專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)糾紛(fen)案件(jian)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)書》（簡(jian)稱(cheng)被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)），認(ren)定(ding)天元公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)構(gou)成(cheng)對涉(she)案專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)的(de)侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)。被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組成(cheng)員(yuan)包括(kuo)寶雞市知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)茍紅(hong)東(dong)(dong)，但無正(zheng)式公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)文決(jue)(jue)定(ding)調(diao)(diao)其(qi)參與(yu)涉(she)案糾紛(fen)的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，且榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)口(kou)(kou)頭審(shen)(shen)理(li)(li)(li)(li)筆錄(lu)沒有(you)記載將茍紅(hong)東(dong)(dong)的(de)正(zheng)式身(shen)(shen)(shen)份(fen)及其(qi)參與(yu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組的(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)由告知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、天元公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)。此外，榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)對涉(she)案專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)糾紛(fen)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)了兩次口(kou)(kou)頭審(shen)(shen)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，在第二次口(kou)(kou)頭審(shen)(shen)理(li)(li)(li)(li)時(shi)告知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)的(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組成(cheng)員(yuan)與(yu)被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)書上署(shu)名的(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組成(cheng)員(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)。西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)服被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)，提(ti)(ti)起行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)訴訟(song)。一審(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)員(yuan)在系統內調(diao)(diao)度(du)，屬于(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關(guan)內部行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)違反內部交流制(zhi)度(du)。鑒于(yu)榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)現有(you)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)欠(qian)缺，經請(qing)示陜西(xi)省(sheng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)后(hou)，抽調(diao)(diao)寶雞市知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)參與(yu)案件(jian)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)并(bing)無不(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang)(dang)，被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)并(bing)未違反法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)程(cheng)序。被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)在侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)實(shi)體(ti)問題的(de)認(ren)定(ding)上亦無不(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang)(dang)，故(gu)判決(jue)(jue)駁(bo)(bo)回西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)訴訟(song)請(qing)求。西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)服，提(ti)(ti)起上訴。二審(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)判決(jue)(jue)駁(bo)(bo)回上訴、維持原(yuan)判。西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)仍不(bu)(bu)(bu)服，向最高人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)申請(qing)再審(shen)(shen)。最高人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)提(ti)(ti)審(shen)(shen)本案后(hou)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)，被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)違反法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)程(cheng)序，應(ying)予撤銷。首(shou)先，榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)在處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)平(ping)等(deng)民事(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)關(guan)于(yu)涉(she)案專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)的(de)侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)糾紛(fen)時(shi)，實(shi)際上處(chu)于(yu)居中裁決(jue)(jue)的(de)地位，本應(ying)秉(bing)持嚴謹、規范、公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開、平(ping)等(deng)的(de)程(cheng)序原(yuan)則(ze)，但是(shi)，在合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組成(cheng)員(yuan)已經被(bei)明確變(bian)更的(de)情(qing)況下(xia)(xia)，卻又在被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)書上署(shu)名，構(gou)成(cheng)對法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)程(cheng)序的(de)重大且明顯違反。其(qi)次，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)的(de)榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組應(ying)由該(gai)(gai)(gai)局(ju)(ju)(ju)具有(you)專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)資格的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)組成(cheng)。否(fou)(fou)則(ze)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)程(cheng)序的(de)規范性(xing)和(he)嚴肅性(xing)無從保證，既(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)(li)于(yu)規范行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)活動，也不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)(li)于(yu)強化(hua)(hua)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)責任。榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)提(ti)(ti)交的(de)陜西(xi)省(sheng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)協(xie)調(diao)(diao)保護處(chu)的(de)所謂(wei)答復，實(shi)為(wei)(wei)該(gai)(gai)(gai)處(chu)寫給(gei)該(gai)(gai)(gai)局(ju)(ju)(ju)領(ling)導的(de)內部請(qing)示，既(ji)無文號，更無公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)章，國家知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)專(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)司(si)(si)(si)(si)給(gei)陜西(xi)省(sheng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)《關(guan)于(yu)在個(ge)案中調(diao)(diao)度(du)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)復函(han)》晚于(yu)被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)時(shi)間，從內容上看與(yu)本案無直(zhi)接(jie)關(guan)聯，均不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)茍紅(hong)東(dong)(dong)參與(yu)被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組的(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、有(you)效依據(ju)。再次，榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)雖主(zhu)(zhu)張在口(kou)(kou)頭審(shen)(shen)理(li)(li)(li)(li)時(shi)將茍紅(hong)東(dong)(dong)的(de)具體(ti)身(shen)(shen)(shen)份(fen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及參與(yu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組的(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)由告知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)，但其(qi)提(ti)(ti)交的(de)證據(ju)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)證明該(gai)(gai)(gai)項(xiang)主(zhu)(zhu)張，當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)認(ren)可(ke)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組成(cheng)員(yuan)身(shen)(shen)(shen)份(fen)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)評判被(bei)訴行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)程(cheng)序是(shi)否(fou)(fou)合(he)(he)(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)前提(ti)(ti)和(he)要件(jian)。因(yin)此，榆(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)局(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)天元公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)“西(xi)峽(xia)(xia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)對于(yu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)議(yi)(yi)(yi)組成(cheng)員(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)持異(yi)議(yi)(yi)(yi)，故(gu)程(cheng)序合(he)(he)(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)張不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)成(cheng)立。

　　【典型意義】

　　本案(an)(an)涉及(ji)專(zhuan)利(li)行(xing)政執法(fa)(fa)中程(cheng)序違法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)認定(ding)和處理。最高人(ren)(ren)民法(fa)(fa)院在(zai)本案(an)(an)中明(ming)確，已經被明(ming)確變更(geng)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)議組成(cheng)員(yuan)又在(zai)被訴(su)行(xing)政決(jue)定(ding)書(shu)上(shang)署(shu)名，實質(zhi)上(shang)等于(yu)“審(shen)理者(zhe)未(wei)裁(cai)決(jue)、裁(cai)決(jue)者(zhe)未(wei)審(shen)理”，構(gou)成(cheng)對(dui)法(fa)(fa)定(ding)程(cheng)序的(de)(de)(de)嚴重違反(fan)。原則上(shang)，作(zuo)出被訴(su)行(xing)政決(jue)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)議組應由該行(xing)政機關(guan)具(ju)有(you)專(zhuan)利(li)行(xing)政執法(fa)(fa)資格的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)組成(cheng)。即使異地調配執法(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)，也(ye)應當履行(xing)正式、完(wan)備的(de)(de)(de)公文手續。本案(an)(an)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)有(you)力(li)規范和促進(jin)了(le)行(xing)政機關(guan)依法(fa)(fa)行(xing)政，彰顯知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權司法(fa)(fa)保護的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)導作(zuo)用，是充(chong)分貫徹《關(guan)于(yu)加(jia)強(qiang)知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權審(shen)判(pan)(pan)領域改革創新若干問題的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見(jian)》提出的(de)(de)(de)“加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權行(xing)政行(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)司法(fa)(fa)審(shen)查”的(de)(de)(de)典型案(an)(an)例，對(dui)于(yu)推動知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權領域法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)建(jian)設和優化科技創新法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)環境具(ju)有(you)重要意(yi)義。

　　3.“稻花香”商標侵權糾紛案

　　福州米廠(chang)與五常市金福泰農業股份(fen)有限(xian)公司(si)、福建(jian)新(xin)華都綜合百貨(huo)有限(xian)公司(si)福州金山大景城分店、福建(jian)新(xin)華都綜合百貨(huo)有限(xian)公司(si)侵(qin)害商標權糾紛案〔最(zui)高人民(min)法(fa)院（2016）最(zui)高法(fa)民(min)再374號(hao)民(min)事判決書〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　福(fu)(fu)(fu)州米(mi)(mi)廠(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)第(di)1298859號“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)DAOHUAXIANG”注冊商(shang)標(biao)（即涉(she)(she)案(an)商(shang)標(biao)）專用(yong)(yong)(yong)權(quan)人(ren)，涉(she)(she)案(an)商(shang)標(biao)于(yu)(yu)1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)提(ti)出申請，于(yu)(yu)1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)28日獲準注冊，核定(ding)(ding)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)商(shang)品(pin)為(wei)(wei)第(di)30類大(da)米(mi)(mi)。2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)18日，黑龍(long)江(jiang)省農(nong)作物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)(ding)委員會出具的(de)(de)(de)(de)《黑龍(long)江(jiang)省農(nong)作物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)(ding)證(zheng)(zheng)書》記載：品(pin)種(zhong)名(ming)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)優(you)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)4號”，原代號為(wei)(wei)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)2號”，推廣區域為(wei)(wei)黑龍(long)江(jiang)省五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)市平原自(zi)流灌溉區插秧栽(zai)培，該品(pin)種(zhong)經區域試驗(yan)和生產(chan)(chan)(chan)試驗(yan)，符合推廣優(you)良品(pin)種(zhong)條件(jian)，決定(ding)(ding)從2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)起(qi)定(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)推廣品(pin)種(zhong)。2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)18日，福(fu)(fu)(fu)州米(mi)(mi)廠(chang)(chang)經過(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)證(zheng)(zheng)程(cheng)序，在(zai)福(fu)(fu)(fu)建(jian)新華都綜合百貨有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)福(fu)(fu)(fu)州金山大(da)景城(cheng)分(fen)店(dian)(dian)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)大(da)景城(cheng)分(fen)店(dian)(dian)）購(gou)買了一(yi)袋由五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)市金福(fu)(fu)(fu)泰農(nong)業股份(fen)有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)）生產(chan)(chan)(chan)、銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“喬家大(da)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)米(mi)(mi)”。大(da)米(mi)(mi)實物(wu)包裝袋正(zheng)面中間位置以(yi)大(da)字(zi)體標(biao)注有“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)（字(zi)體中空，底(di)色黑色）DAOHUAXIANG”。福(fu)(fu)(fu)州米(mi)(mi)廠(chang)(chang)以(yi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)、銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)、大(da)景城(cheng)分(fen)店(dian)(dian)、新華都公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)被訴(su)侵權(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)侵害其商(shang)標(biao)權(quan)為(wei)(wei)由，提(ti)起(qi)訴(su)訟。一(yi)審(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)，“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)”不(bu)構成(cheng)(cheng)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)未(wei)經許可，在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)包裝袋上(shang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)與涉(she)(she)案(an)商(shang)標(biao)非(fei)常(chang)(chang)近似的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)志(zhi)，容易誤導消費(fei)者，侵害了涉(she)(she)案(an)商(shang)標(biao)權(quan)。遂認(ren)(ren)定(ding)(ding)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、大(da)景城(cheng)分(fen)店(dian)(dian)、新華都公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)構成(cheng)(cheng)侵權(quan)。二審(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)，基于(yu)(yu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)市這一(yi)特定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地理種(zhong)植環境所產(chan)(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)”大(da)米(mi)(mi)屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)約定(ding)(ding)俗(su)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)在(zai)其生產(chan)(chan)(chan)、銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)米(mi)(mi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)包裝上(shang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)”文字(zi)及(ji)拼音以(yi)表(biao)明(ming)大(da)米(mi)(mi)品(pin)種(zhong)來源的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)，主觀(guan)上(shang)出于(yu)(yu)善意，客觀(guan)上(shang)也未(wei)造成(cheng)(cheng)混(hun)淆誤認(ren)(ren)，應屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)當(dang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。遂改判(pan)撤銷(xiao)(xiao)一(yi)審(shen)判(pan)決，駁回(hui)福(fu)(fu)(fu)州米(mi)(mi)廠(chang)(chang)全部訴(su)訟請求。福(fu)(fu)(fu)州米(mi)(mi)廠(chang)(chang)不(bu)服(fu)，向最(zui)(zui)高人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)申請再審(shen)。最(zui)(zui)高人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)提(ti)審(shen)本案(an)后認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)并(bing)(bing)無證(zheng)(zheng)據(ju)證(zheng)(zheng)明(ming)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)”屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)。農(nong)作物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)(ding)辦法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)與商(shang)標(biao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)意義上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)含(han)義并(bing)(bing)不(bu)完全相同，不(bu)能(neng)僅以(yi)審(shen)定(ding)(ding)公(gong)(gong)(gong)告的(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)依據(ju)，認(ren)(ren)定(ding)(ding)該名(ming)稱(cheng)屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)商(shang)標(biao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)意義上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)。審(shen)定(ding)(ding)公(gong)(gong)(gong)告的(de)(de)(de)(de)原代號為(wei)(wei)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)2號”，并(bing)(bing)非(fei)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)”，在(zai)涉(she)(she)案(an)商(shang)標(biao)權(quan)已在(zai)先(xian)注冊的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下，不(bu)能(neng)直接證(zheng)(zheng)明(ming)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)花(hua)(hua)香(xiang)”為(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)。最(zui)(zui)高人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遂判(pan)決撤銷(xiao)(xiao)二審(shen)判(pan)決，維持一(yi)審(shen)判(pan)決。

　　【典型意義】

　　本案(an)(an)涉及(ji)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)專用(yong)權與(yu)品(pin)種(zhong)名(ming)稱(cheng)之間的(de)(de)關系、通用(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)判斷標(biao)(biao)(biao)準等問題。本案(an)(an)所涉“稻(dao)花香2號”是我國大米(mi)主要產區(qu)黑龍(long)江五常地(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)優良稻(dao)米(mi)品(pin)種(zhong)，案(an)(an)件審理(li)廣(guang)受業界(jie)關注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，處(chu)理(li)結果更直接關系到“稻(dao)花香2號”這一(yi)稻(dao)米(mi)品(pin)種(zhong)正常的(de)(de)生產經營活動和市場(chang)秩(zhi)序(xu)的(de)(de)規(gui)范。最高人(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)通過對(dui)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)中一(yi)些重要法(fa)律問題的(de)(de)闡釋(shi)，如法(fa)定通用(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)與(yu)約定俗成通用(yong)名(ming)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)判斷標(biao)(biao)(biao)準，以及(ji)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)專用(yong)權與(yu)品(pin)種(zhong)名(ming)稱(cheng)之間的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)與(yu)聯系，明確了(le)(le)此(ci)類(lei)案(an)(an)件的(de)(de)裁判標(biao)(biao)(biao)準，較好地(di)平衡(heng)了(le)(le)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)權人(ren)與(yu)品(pin)種(zhong)名(ming)稱(cheng)使用(yong)人(ren)之間的(de)(de)利益關系，在充分保護商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)權的(de)(de)前提下，維護了(le)(le)公平有序(xu)的(de)(de)市場(chang)競爭(zheng)秩(zhi)序(xu)。

　　4.“馬庫什權利要求”專利無效行政糾紛案

　　國家知識產權局專利復審委員會(hui)與北京萬生(sheng)藥業有限責任公司、第一(yi)三共株式會(hui)社(she)發明專利權無效行(xing)政(zheng)糾紛(fen)案〔最高人民(min)法院（2016）最高法行(xing)再41號行(xing)政(zheng)判(pan)決(jue)書〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社系名稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“用(yong)于(yu)(yu)治(zhi)療或(huo)(huo)預防(fang)高血壓癥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥物(wu)(wu)(wu)組合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)備(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發明專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)（即(ji)涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)。涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)以(yi)(yi)馬庫什(shen)(shen)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)撰寫(xie)。北京萬(wan)(wan)生(sheng)(sheng)藥業有(you)限責任公司(si)（以(yi)(yi)下(xia)簡稱(cheng)(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)生(sheng)(sheng)公司(si)）以(yi)(yi)涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)具(ju)(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)由向(xiang)國家知識產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)局(ju)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)（以(yi)(yi)下(xia)簡稱(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)）提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)宣告(gao)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。2010年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)30日，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社對(dui)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)(jin)行了(le)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)包括：刪除(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)l中(zhong)(zhong)“或(huo)(huo)其(qi)可作(zuo)藥用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鹽或(huo)(huo)酯(zhi)(zhi)”中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“或(huo)(huo)酯(zhi)(zhi)”兩字；刪除(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)1中(zhong)(zhong)R4定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)1至6個碳原子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)烷基(ji)(ji)”；刪除(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)l中(zhong)(zhong)R5定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)下(xia)除(chu)(chu)(chu)羧基(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)COOR5a外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他(ta)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)方(fang)(fang)案(an)(an)。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)在口頭審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)理(li)過程中(zhong)(zhong)告(gao)知第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社，對(dui)于(yu)(yu)刪除(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)l中(zhong)(zhong)“或(huo)(huo)酯(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)予(yu)以(yi)(yi)認可，但其(qi)余(yu)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)符合(he)(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)實(shi)施細則第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六十八(ba)(ba)條(tiao)(tiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，該修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)文(wen)本不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)予(yu)接(jie)受。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社和(he)(he)萬(wan)(wan)生(sheng)(sheng)公司(si)對(dui)此(ci)無(wu)(wu)異(yi)議(yi)。2011年(nian)(nian)1月(yue)14日，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社提(ti)(ti)(ti)交(jiao)了(le)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)書替換(huan)頁(ye)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)刪除(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)1中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“或(huo)(huo)酯(zhi)(zhi)”。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)作(zuo)出(chu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)16266號無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)宣告(gao)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)（簡稱(cheng)(cheng)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)16266號決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)），認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)l相比于(yu)(yu)證據(ju)1是(shi)(shi)(shi)非顯而(er)(er)易(yi)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，符合(he)(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)十二(er)條(tiao)(tiao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)(san)款的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。遂(sui)在第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社于(yu)(yu)2011年(nian)(nian)1月(yue)14日提(ti)(ti)(ti)交(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)文(wen)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，維(wei)(wei)持(chi)涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)有(you)效(xiao)。萬(wan)(wan)生(sheng)(sheng)公司(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)服(fu)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)起行政(zheng)訴訟。一(yi)(yi)(yi)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)符合(he)(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)實(shi)施細則第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六十八(ba)(ba)條(tiao)(tiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)對(dui)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社于(yu)(yu)2010年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)30日提(ti)(ti)(ti)交(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)文(wen)本不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)予(yu)接(jie)受并(bing)(bing)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang)(dang)(dang)。涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)1相對(dui)于(yu)(yu)證據(ju)1是(shi)(shi)(shi)非顯而(er)(er)易(yi)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，具(ju)(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。遂(sui)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)(jue)(jue)維(wei)(wei)持(chi)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)16266號決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。萬(wan)(wan)生(sheng)(sheng)公司(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)服(fu)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)起上(shang)訴。二(er)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，馬庫什(shen)(shen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)并(bing)(bing)列技術(shu)(shu)(shu)方(fang)(fang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊類型，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)(san)共(gong)(gong)(gong)株式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)社于(yu)(yu)2010年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)30日提(ti)(ti)(ti)交(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)文(wen)本縮小了(le)涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護范(fan)圍，符合(he)(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)實(shi)施細則第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六十八(ba)(ba)條(tiao)(tiao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)款規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)；涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)所涵蓋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個具(ju)(ju)(ju)體實(shi)施例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果與(yu)現(xian)有(you)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)證據(ju)1中(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)施例(li)329的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)效(xiao)果相當(dang)(dang)(dang)，因此(ci)，涉(she)案(an)(an)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)1未取得預料不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)效(xiao)果，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)具(ju)(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，遂(sui)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)(jue)(jue)撤銷一(yi)(yi)(yi)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)(jue)(jue)和(he)(he)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)16266號決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，責令專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)重新作(zuo)出(chu)決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)復(fu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)服(fu)，向(xiang)最高人(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)申請(qing)(qing)再審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。最高人(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)裁定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)提(ti)(ti)(ti)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)本案(an)(an)后判(pan)(pan)決(jue)(jue)(jue)撤銷二(er)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)(jue)(jue)，維(wei)(wei)持(chi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)(jue)(jue)。最高人(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，以(yi)(yi)馬庫什(shen)(shen)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)撰寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)應當(dang)(dang)(dang)被理(li)解為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種概(gai)括性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)方(fang)(fang)案(an)(an)，而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)眾多化合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集合(he)(he)(he)(he)；允(yun)許對(dui)馬庫什(shen)(shen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)(jin)行修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則應當(dang)(dang)(dang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)而(er)(er)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)新性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能和(he)(he)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)類或(huo)(huo)單(dan)個化合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)同時也要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)充分(fen)考量個案(an)(an)因素；以(yi)(yi)馬庫什(shen)(shen)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)撰寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)判(pan)(pan)斷(duan)應當(dang)(dang)(dang)遵循創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)判(pan)(pan)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，即(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)指南所規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“三(san)(san)(san)步法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”；意(yi)料不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)效(xiao)果是(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)判(pan)(pan)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助(zhu)因素，通常不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜跨過“三(san)(san)(san)步法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”而(er)(er)直(zhi)接(jie)適(shi)用(yong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)意(yi)料不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)效(xiao)果來判(pan)(pan)斷(duan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)申請(qing)(qing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)創(chuang)造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。

　　【典型意義】

　　本案(an)(an)(an)涉及馬(ma)(ma)庫(ku)什(shen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)要求的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質、無效程序中(zhong)的(de)修改原則及創造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)判(pan)斷方(fang)法等問(wen)題(ti)。馬(ma)(ma)庫(ku)什(shen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)要求是化(hua)(hua)學醫(yi)藥(yao)發明專利(li)(li)(li)(li)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)相對特(te)殊的(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)要求撰(zhuan)寫方(fang)式，基于其特(te)有的(de)概(gai)括功能，其在(zai)該領(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)中(zhong)的(de)運(yun)用日益(yi)廣泛。馬(ma)(ma)庫(ku)什(shen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)要求的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質、修改原則及創造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)判(pan)斷標準等問(wen)題(ti)，將(jiang)直(zhi)接影響到數量眾多的(de)化(hua)(hua)學醫(yi)藥(yao)類(lei)專利(li)(li)(li)(li)技術方(fang)案(an)(an)(an)的(de)申請與授權(quan)(quan)(quan)，一直(zhi)都受到業界(jie)與學術界(jie)的(de)高度關注(zhu)。最高人(ren)民(min)法院在(zai)本案(an)(an)(an)中(zhong)明確，馬(ma)(ma)庫(ku)什(shen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)要求的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質為概(gai)括性(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)非化(hua)(hua)合(he)物(wu)集合(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質的(de)技術方(fang)案(an)(an)(an)，馬(ma)(ma)庫(ku)什(shen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)要求的(de)修改應當以不產生(sheng)具有新性(xing)(xing)(xing)能和作用的(de)一類(lei)或(huo)單(dan)個化(hua)(hua)合(he)物(wu)為基本條件，馬(ma)(ma)庫(ku)什(shen)方(fang)式撰(zhuan)寫的(de)化(hua)(hua)合(he)物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)要求的(de)創造(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)判(pan)斷仍應遵(zun)循“三步法”。本案(an)(an)(an)對上述重(zhong)要法律規則的(de)明確和厘(li)清(qing)，對化(hua)(hua)學醫(yi)藥(yao)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)專利(li)(li)(li)(li)申請的(de)撰(zhuan)寫與審查具有指導意義。

　　5.“新華字典”商標侵權及不正當競爭糾紛案

　　商務(wu)印書(shu)館有(you)(you)限公司與華(hua)語教學出版社有(you)(you)限責任公司侵害商標(biao)權及不正當競爭(zheng)糾紛(fen)案〔北京知識(shi)產權法院(yuan)（2016）京73民(min)初277號民(min)事判決書(shu)〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　自1957年至(zhi)今，商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)（以(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)）連(lian)續出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)《新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)》通(tong)行(xing)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)本至(zhi)第(di)11版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。2010-2015年，商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)》在(zai)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)類圖書(shu)(shu)(shu)市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平均占有(you)(you)率超過(guo)50%。截至(zhi)2016年，商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)》全球發行(xing)量(liang)超過(guo)5.67億(yi)冊(ce)，獲得“最受歡迎的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)”吉尼斯世界紀(ji)錄(lu)及(ji)“最暢銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)書(shu)(shu)(shu)（定期修訂）”吉尼斯世界紀(ji)錄(lu)等多項(xiang)(xiang)榮譽。商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)訴稱(cheng)華(hua)語(yu)(yu)教學出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)有(you)(you)限(xian)責任公(gong)司(si)（以(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡(jian)稱(cheng)華(hua)語(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)）生產(chan)(chan)、銷售“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)”辭書(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)侵(qin)害了商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)”未注冊(ce)馳名商(shang)(shang)標，且華(hua)語(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)《新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)》（第(di)11版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)）知名商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)特有(you)(you)包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)潢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)已(yi)構(gou)成(cheng)不正(zheng)(zheng)當競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)，請求法(fa)院判令其(qi)立即停止(zhi)侵(qin)害商(shang)(shang)標權及(ji)不正(zheng)(zheng)當競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)、消(xiao)除(chu)影響并(bing)賠(pei)償經(jing)濟(ji)損失。一審法(fa)院認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)，“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)”具(ju)有(you)(you)特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史起源、發展過(guo)程和長期唯一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)供(gong)主(zhu)體以(yi)及(ji)客(ke)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市場格局，保持著產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)和品(pin)(pin)牌混合(he)屬性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)名稱(cheng)，已(yi)經(jing)在(zai)相(xiang)關(guan)消(xiao)費者中形成(cheng)了穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)知聯系(xi)，具(ju)有(you)(you)指示商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)來(lai)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)和作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，具(ju)備商(shang)(shang)標的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著特征。“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)”已(yi)經(jing)在(zai)全國范圍內(nei)被相(xiang)關(guan)公(gong)眾廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)知曉，已(yi)經(jing)獲得較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響力和較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知名度，可以(yi)認(ren)定“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)未注冊(ce)馳名商(shang)(shang)標。華(hua)語(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)在(zai)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)上使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)”構(gou)成(cheng)復制(zhi)他(ta)人未注冊(ce)馳名商(shang)(shang)標的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)侵(qin)權行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)。《新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典(dian)(dian)(dian)》（第(di)11版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)）使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)潢所體現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)字(zi)(zi)(zi)、圖案、色彩及(ji)其(qi)排列組(zu)合(he)具(ju)有(you)(you)識別和區分商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)來(lai)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，具(ju)備特有(you)(you)性(xing)。華(hua)語(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)在(zai)辭典(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)上使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)相(xiang)近(jin)似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)潢設計，足以(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)關(guan)公(gong)眾對商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)來(lai)源產(chan)(chan)生混淆、誤認(ren)，構(gou)成(cheng)反不正(zheng)(zheng)當競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)法(fa)第(di)五條第(di)（二）項(xiang)(xiang)規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不正(zheng)(zheng)當競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)。一審法(fa)院遂(sui)判決華(hua)語(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)社(she)立即停止(zhi)侵(qin)權行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)、消(xiao)除(chu)影響并(bing)賠(pei)償商(shang)(shang)務印(yin)(yin)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)(guan)經(jing)濟(ji)損失300萬元及(ji)合(he)理支出(chu)(chu)(chu)27萬余(yu)元。

　　【典型意義】

　　本(ben)案是(shi)涉及(ji)未注(zhu)(zhu)冊馳(chi)名商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)典型案例，涉及(ji)事實(shi)認定(ding)、法律適用(yong)及(ji)利(li)益平(ping)衡等復雜問題。本(ben)案確(que)(que)立了對“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)典”這類兼(jian)具產品和(he)品牌混合屬(shu)性(xing)的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品名稱是(shi)否具備商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)顯著特征的(de)(de)裁判標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。考慮(lv)相關公眾對“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)典”的(de)(de)知曉程度、“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)典”的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)持續時(shi)間、銷(xiao)售數量(liang)、宣傳(chuan)范(fan)圍及(ji)受保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)記錄(lu)等多方(fang)面因素(su)，認定(ding)原告商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務印書(shu)館的(de)(de)“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)典”構成(cheng)未注(zhu)(zhu)冊馳(chi)名商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)。在給(gei)(gei)予(yu)“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)典”未注(zhu)(zhu)冊馳(chi)名商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)同時(shi)，注(zhu)(zhu)重平(ping)衡其(qi)與(yu)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)行業(ye)正常的(de)(de)經營(ying)管(guan)理秩序(xu)、促進知識文化(hua)傳(chuan)播(bo)之間的(de)(de)關系。判決明(ming)確(que)(que)指出(chu)(chu)，商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)法對商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)獨(du)占使(shi)(shi)用(yong)權(quan)利(li)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)是(shi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)本(ben)身而非商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)附著的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品，給(gei)(gei)予(yu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)務印書(shu)館獨(du)占使(shi)(shi)用(yong)“新華(hua)字(zi)(zi)典”商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)并不(bu)(bu)是(shi)給(gei)(gei)予(yu)其(qi)出(chu)(chu)版(ban)字(zi)(zi)典類辭書(shu)的(de)(de)專有(you)(you)權(quan)，不(bu)(bu)會造(zao)成(cheng)辭書(shu)行業(ye)的(de)(de)壟斷。通過給(gei)(gei)予(yu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)方(fang)式，促使(shi)(shi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)權(quan)利(li)人更好地承擔(dan)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品質量(liang)保(bao)(bao)障的(de)(de)法定(ding)義務和(he)傳(chuan)播(bo)知識的(de)(de)社會責任，有(you)(you)利(li)于促進出(chu)(chu)版(ban)行業(ye)規范(fan)有(you)(you)序(xu)發(fa)展。

　　6.“茅盾手稿”著作權糾紛案

　　沈(shen)(shen)韋寧、沈(shen)(shen)丹(dan)燕、沈(shen)(shen)邁衡與(yu)南(nan)京經典拍賣有限公司、張暉著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)權(quan)屬(shu)、侵害著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)糾紛案〔江蘇(su)省南(nan)京市中(zhong)級人民法院（2017）蘇(su)01民終(zhong)8048號民事判(pan)決書(shu)〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　茅(mao)盾先生于1958年將其(qi)用毛筆書(shu)(shu)寫創作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)一篇評論文章《談最(zui)近的(de)短篇小說》向(xiang)雜志(zhi)社投稿，該篇文章的(de)文字(zi)內容發表于《人民(min)文學》1958年第6期。后(hou)手(shou)稿原件(jian)(jian)被(bei)張(zhang)暉(hui)持有(you)。2013年11月(yue)(yue)13日，張(zhang)暉(hui)委托(tuo)南京(jing)經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣有(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)簡(jian)稱經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)）拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣多(duo)件(jian)(jian)物品(pin)，其(qi)中(zhong)包(bao)括涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿。2013年12月(yue)(yue)30日，經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)通過數碼相機拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)照(zhao)上(shang)傳(chuan)(chuan)了涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿的(de)高清(qing)數碼照(zhao)片(pian)，在(zai)其(qi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)網(wang)(wang)站和(he)微博上(shang)對(dui)手(shou)稿以(yi)圖文結合(he)(he)的(de)方式進行(xing)了宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)介(jie)紹。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)眾在(zai)瀏覽經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)網(wang)(wang)站時，可(ke)以(yi)看到涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿的(de)全貌，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)通過網(wang)(wang)頁的(de)放大鏡功能觀察(cha)到每頁手(shou)稿的(de)局部(bu)細節。預(yu)展(zhan)過程中(zhong)，經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)展(zhan)示了涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)原件(jian)(jian)，也(ye)向(xiang)觀展(zhan)者提(ti)供了印有(you)涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)品(pin)的(de)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)冊。2014年1月(yue)(yue)5日，涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿在(zai)經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)2013季秋拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)中(zhong)國書(shu)(shu)畫專場進行(xing)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣，案(an)(an)(an)(an)外人以(yi)1050萬(wan)元的(de)價格競得(de)涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿。但(dan)因此(ci)后(hou)競買人未付款導致(zhi)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣未成交(jiao)，涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿原件(jian)(jian)仍由(you)張(zhang)暉(hui)持有(you)。拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣結束后(hou)，經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)仍在(zai)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)上(shang)持續展(zhan)示涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿，直至(zhi)2017年6月(yue)(yue)才將其(qi)刪除。沈(shen)韋(wei)寧(ning)、沈(shen)丹燕(yan)、沈(shen)邁衡(heng)系(xi)茅(mao)盾先生的(de)合(he)(he)法(fa)繼承人，其(qi)認為(wei)張(zhang)暉(hui)和(he)經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)上(shang)述行(xing)為(wei)侵害了涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿的(de)著作(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)，故訴至(zhi)法(fa)院(yuan)。一審(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)院(yuan)判(pan)決(jue)經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)停止侵害涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿信(xin)息網(wang)(wang)絡傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)權(quan)(quan)的(de)行(xing)為(wei)并賠償沈(shen)韋(wei)寧(ning)、沈(shen)丹燕(yan)、沈(shen)邁衡(heng)經濟損失10萬(wan)元。沈(shen)韋(wei)寧(ning)、沈(shen)丹燕(yan)、沈(shen)邁衡(heng)不服(fu)一審(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)決(jue)，提(ti)起上(shang)訴。二審(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)院(yuan)認為(wei)，涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿既(ji)是文字(zi)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)也(ye)是美術作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)，張(zhang)暉(hui)系(xi)涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿的(de)合(he)(he)法(fa)所有(you)權(quan)(quan)人，有(you)權(quan)(quan)選擇以(yi)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣的(de)方式處分自己的(de)合(he)(he)法(fa)財(cai)產，張(zhang)暉(hui)的(de)行(xing)為(wei)沒有(you)侵害涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿的(de)著作(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)。經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)侵害了涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)手(shou)稿的(de)美術作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)發表權(quan)(quan)、復制權(quan)(quan)和(he)信(xin)息網(wang)(wang)絡傳(chuan)(chuan)播(bo)權(quan)(quan)，應當(dang)承擔停止侵害、賠禮道(dao)歉和(he)賠償損失的(de)侵權(quan)(quan)責(ze)任。二審(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)院(yuan)遂判(pan)決(jue)經典(dian)(dian)(dian)拍(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)賣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)向(xiang)沈(shen)韋(wei)寧(ning)、沈(shen)丹燕(yan)、沈(shen)邁衡(heng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開賠禮道(dao)歉并賠償經濟損失10萬(wan)元。

　　【典型意義】

　　本案(an)涉及美(mei)術(shu)(shu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)活動(dong)中(zhong)著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)三部法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律交叉(cha)調整地帶的(de)(de)相關(guan)主(zhu)(zhu)體權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)關(guan)系問題。判(pan)決(jue)(jue)平衡(heng)了(le)(le)物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)和(he)著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)，明確了(le)(le)拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)知識(shi)產權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)護注意(yi)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)。判(pan)決(jue)(jue)指出，在美(mei)術(shu)(shu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)與物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)情況下，原件所有人(ren)(ren)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)使處(chu)分(fen)(fen)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、收(shou)益(yi)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、展覽權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)，均受(shou)到(dao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律保(bao)(bao)護，著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)無權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)干涉。但美(mei)術(shu)(shu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品原件所有人(ren)(ren)行(xing)(xing)使物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)應(ying)以(yi)不損害該作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)為(wei)前(qian)提。拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)公司作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)接(jie)受(shou)物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)委托的(de)(de)拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)方，除負有物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)護注意(yi)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)外，還應(ying)負有合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)護注意(yi)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)，規范(fan)盡職地進行(xing)(xing)拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)活動(dong)，審慎避讓著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)。判(pan)決(jue)(jue)明確了(le)(le)不同主(zhu)(zhu)體權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)的(de)(de)邊界，體現了(le)(le)對物(wu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)和(he)著作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)平衡(heng)保(bao)(bao)護的(de)(de)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)精神，并按(an)照盡職拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)合(he)(he)理標準(zhun)確定拍(pai)賣(mai)(mai)公司的(de)(de)注意(yi)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)，充(chong)分(fen)(fen)體現了(le)(le)嚴格保(bao)(bao)護的(de)(de)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)導向。

　　7.“路虎”商標侵權糾紛案

　　捷豹路虎有限(xian)公司(si)與廣(guang)州市奮力食(shi)品有限(xian)公司(si)、萬明政侵害(hai)商標權糾紛案〔廣(guang)東省(sheng)高級(ji)人民法院（2017）粵民終(zhong)633號民事判(pan)決書〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)關聯公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)先后于1996年(nian)、2004年(nian)和2005年(nian)在中(zhong)國境(jing)內(nei)申請注冊(ce)了第(di)(di)(di)808460號(hao)“ ”商(shang)標(biao)(biao)、第(di)(di)(di)3514202號(hao)“路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)”商(shang)標(biao)(biao)、第(di)(di)(di)4309460號(hao)“LANDROVER”商(shang)標(biao)(biao)，以(yi)上(shang)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)均核定使(shi)(shi)用在第(di)(di)(di)12類“陸地機動車輛(liang)”等商(shang)品上(shang)，具有較高知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)度，后轉讓到(dao)路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)名(ming)(ming)下(xia)。廣州市奮(fen)(fen)力(li)(li)食品有限公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)簡稱奮(fen)(fen)力(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）在網站、實體(ti)店中(zhong)宣傳銷售其“路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)維(wei)生素(su)飲(yin)料(liao)(liao)”，相關產(chan)品、包裝(zhuang)盒(he)及網頁宣傳上(shang)使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)被(bei)訴(su)(su)標(biao)(biao)識包括(kuo)“路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)”、“LANDROVER”、“Landrover路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)”及上(shang)下(xia)排列的(de)(de)(de)“路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)LandRover”等。奮(fen)(fen)力(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)曾于2010年(nian)在第(di)(di)(di)30類“非醫用營養液(ye)”和第(di)(di)(di)32類“不(bu)含(han)酒(jiu)精的(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)料(liao)(liao)”等商(shang)品上(shang)申請注冊(ce)“路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)LANDROVER”商(shang)標(biao)(biao)，但均未(wei)被(bei)核準注冊(ce)。路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)以(yi)奮(fen)(fen)力(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)構成侵(qin)權(quan)為(wei)由，提起訴(su)(su)訟。一審法(fa)院判令奮(fen)(fen)力(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)停止侵(qin)權(quan)并向路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)賠償經濟損失與合理維(wei)權(quan)開支人民(min)幣120萬元。二審法(fa)院認為(wei)，路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)提交的(de)(de)(de)證據(ju)已經足以(yi)證明，涉(she)案商(shang)標(biao)(biao)已為(wei)中(zhong)國境(jing)內(nei)社會公(gong)(gong)眾廣為(wei)知(zhi)曉(xiao)，達到(dao)馳名(ming)(ming)程度。被(bei)訴(su)(su)侵(qin)權(quan)行(xing)為(wei)削(xue)弱(ruo)了路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)涉(she)案馳名(ming)(ming)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)所(suo)具有的(de)(de)(de)顯著性和良好商(shang)譽，損害路(lu)(lu)(lu)虎(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)利益(yi)，應予制(zhi)止。遂(sui)判決駁回上(shang)訴(su)(su)、維(wei)持原(yuan)判。

　　【典型意義】

　　本(ben)(ben)案(an)是馳(chi)名商(shang)標跨類保(bao)護(hu)、加大知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)權保(bao)護(hu)力(li)(li)度(du)的(de)(de)典(dian)型案(an)例。本(ben)(ben)案(an)裁判除體(ti)現了(le)在(zai)(zai)馳(chi)名商(shang)標保(bao)護(hu)案(an)件中(zhong)應(ying)秉持的(de)(de)“按需認定(ding)”“個(ge)案(an)認定(ding)”等(deng)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)原(yuan)則外(wai)，其(qi)特殊之處在(zai)(zai)于，除本(ben)(ben)案(an)被訴侵權標識外(wai)，奮力(li)(li)公司還實施(shi)了(le)大量(liang)涉知(zhi)名企業(ye)與(yu)(yu)知(zhi)名人物的(de)(de)商(shang)標搶(qiang)注(zhu)行為，侵權行為的(de)(de)主觀(guan)惡意(yi)明顯(xian)(xian)。本(ben)(ben)案(an)裁判在(zai)(zai)關于賠償(chang)數額確定(ding)一(yi)節中(zhong)，全面、詳盡(jin)論述了(le)確定(ding)120萬元賠償(chang)數額的(de)(de)事實與(yu)(yu)法律依據，彰顯(xian)(xian)了(le)制(zhi)止(zhi)惡意(yi)囤積商(shang)標行為的(de)(de)司法態度(du)。本(ben)(ben)案(an)在(zai)(zai)加大馳(chi)名商(shang)標保(bao)護(hu)力(li)(li)度(du)、規制(zhi)商(shang)標惡意(yi)搶(qiang)注(zhu)行為、引導社會公眾尊重知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)權等(deng)方面，具有良好的(de)(de)裁判導向與(yu)(yu)示范(fan)效(xiao)果。

　　8.“博Ⅲ優”植物新品種侵權糾紛案

　　四川中(zhong)正(zheng)科(ke)技有(you)限公司(si)與廣西壯(zhuang)族自治區(qu)博白縣農業科(ke)學研究(jiu)所(suo)、王騰金、劉振卓、四川中(zhong)升科(ke)技種業有(you)限公司(si)侵(qin)害植物新品種權(quan)糾紛案〔廣西壯(zhuang)族自治區(qu)高級人民(min)法院(yuan)（2017）桂民(min)終95號民(min)事判決書(shu)〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273獲(huo)植物(wu)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)共有人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廣(guang)(guang)西壯(zhuang)族自治區博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)縣農(nong)業科(ke)(ke)學(xue)研究所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)（簡(jian)稱(cheng)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)）、王(wang)騰(teng)金、劉振(zhen)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)。博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)ⅢA亦獲(huo)植物(wu)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，系(xi)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273的(de)(de)(de)(de)親(qin)本(ben)，博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)ⅢA植物(wu)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)2日(ri)(ri)(ri)，博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)與四(si)川中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)科(ke)(ke)技種(zhong)(zhong)業有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）簽訂(ding)《品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)(shi)用權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)轉讓(rang)協議(yi)(yi)書》（即2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)協議(yi)(yi)），博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)將“博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅱ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)815”、“博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273”的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)轉讓(rang)給中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)獨家(jia)使(shi)(shi)用開(kai)發(fa)。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)16日(ri)(ri)(ri)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)與博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)簽訂(ding)《協議(yi)(yi)》（即2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)協議(yi)(yi)）約(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)，博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)將博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅱ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)815的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)(shi)用權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)轉讓(rang)給中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)獨占(zhan)(zhan)使(shi)(shi)用開(kai)發(fa)（博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅱ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)815僅限(xian)于(yu)(yu)廣(guang)(guang)東區域），中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繼續(xu)享有博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用開(kai)發(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)得(de)(de)(de)將博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅱ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)815（只限(xian)廣(guang)(guang)東區域）的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)轉讓(rang)或授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)給第三方，否則應(ying)(ying)賠(pei)(pei)(pei)償中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)相關(guan)損失(shi)。本(ben)協議(yi)(yi)簽訂(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)效(xiao)后，2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)協議(yi)(yi)終止執行。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)7日(ri)(ri)(ri)，博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經(jing)營博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273。博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)ⅢA僅用于(yu)(yu)配組博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273，不(bu)得(de)(de)(de)作其(qi)他(ta)商業用途(tu)使(shi)(shi)用。授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)起(qi)止時間從2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)7日(ri)(ri)(ri)至2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)31日(ri)(ri)(ri)止。四(si)川中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)科(ke)(ke)技有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）根(gen)據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)“2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)協議(yi)(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)約(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)，經(jing)營博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅱ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)815及(ji)(ji)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273等品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)2日(ri)(ri)(ri)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分別(bie)致函(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)，決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)從2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)2日(ri)(ri)(ri)起(qi)終止對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、經(jing)營博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273及(ji)(ji)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅱ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)815（已退出市(shi)場(chang)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，有關(guan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)獨占(zhan)(zhan)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)享有博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)得(de)(de)(de)再向中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)提供博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273及(ji)(ji)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅱ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)815的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)育系(xi)、恢復(fu)系(xi)。博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)、王(wang)騰(teng)金、劉振(zhen)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)主張中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)在(zai)2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)2日(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)后仍(reng)委托他(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)9678、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)構成侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，遂向法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)提起(qi)訴訟。一(yi)審(shen)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)侵(qin)害了涉案植物(wu)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，故判(pan)決(jue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)停止侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、消除影響(xiang)并賠(pei)(pei)(pei)償經(jing)濟損失(shi)180萬元。二審(shen)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)ⅢA、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273兩個植物(wu)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)因(yin)未按規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)交(jiao)納年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)費(fei)(fei)于(yu)(yu)2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)(ri)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)告(gao)終止，于(yu)(yu)2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)4日(ri)(ri)(ri)恢復(fu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利；于(yu)(yu)2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)(ri)因(yin)未按規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)交(jiao)納年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)費(fei)(fei)又(you)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)告(gao)終止。一(yi)審(shen)判(pan)決(jue)認(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)ⅢA、博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)Ⅲ優(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)273這兩個植物(wu)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)仍(reng)然(ran)有效(xiao)與本(ben)案事(shi)實不(bu)符，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)上訴理由(you)成立。對(dui)(dui)賠(pei)(pei)(pei)償數額的(de)(de)(de)(de)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)，應(ying)(ying)綜合(he)考慮如下因(yin)素：當事(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)均(jun)認(ren)可(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)畝產(chan)(chan)量、銷售(shou)價(jia)格以(yi)及(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)認(ren)可(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)面積；因(yin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)突然(ran)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)止授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)而(er)使(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)不(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)避免遭受的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失(shi)；侵(qin)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)持續(xu)期間；涉案植物(wu)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)實施許可(ke)(ke)(ke)費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數額以(yi)及(ji)(ji)實施許可(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)類、時間、范(fan)圍(wei)等具體情節。據此(ci)，二審(shen)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)酌定(ding)(ding)(ding)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)賠(pei)(pei)(pei)償博(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)農(nong)科(ke)(ke)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)、王(wang)騰(teng)金、劉振(zhen)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)經(jing)濟損失(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民幣40萬元。

　　【典型意義】

　　本(ben)(ben)案(an)是(shi)涉(she)及(ji)植物新品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)典型(xing)案(an)例。侵害植物新品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)行為司法實踐中可(ke)分為兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)，一是(shi)未(wei)經品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)人(ren)許(xu)可(ke)，為商業目的(de)(de)(de)生產或銷售授權(quan)(quan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)殖材料(liao)；二是(shi)未(wei)經品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)人(ren)許(xu)可(ke)，為商業目的(de)(de)(de)將授權(quan)(quan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)殖材料(liao)重復使用(yong)于(yu)生產另一品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)殖材料(liao)。本(ben)(ben)案(an)同(tong)時(shi)涉(she)及(ji)以上兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)侵權(quan)(quan)行為的(de)(de)(de)判定(ding)，在(zai)法律適用(yong)方(fang)面具(ju)有(you)典型(xing)性(xing)。此外，植物新品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)權(quan)(quan)在(zai)保(bao)護期限內有(you)可(ke)能間歇性(xing)地處于(yu)終止(zhi)狀(zhuang)態，這(zhe)是(shi)其他類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)知識產權(quan)(quan)侵權(quan)(quan)訴訟所不(bu)具(ju)備的(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)性(xing)。本(ben)(ben)案(an)裁判充(chong)分考慮植物新品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)護中的(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)因素，對(dui)侵權(quan)(quan)行為及(ji)賠償數(shu)額作(zuo)出了正確認定(ding)，對(dui)類似案(an)件的(de)(de)(de)裁判具(ju)有(you)規則指(zhi)引意義。

　　9.“反光材料”商業秘密糾紛案

　　鶴(he)壁市反光材(cai)料有限公司(si)與宋俊超、鶴(he)壁睿明特(te)科(ke)技有限公司(si)、李建發(fa)侵害(hai)商業秘密糾紛案〔河南省高級(ji)人民(min)法(fa)院(yuan)（2016）豫民(min)終347號民(min)事判決書〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超自(zi)2006年起(qi)在鶴(he)壁(bi)市反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)有(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡稱反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）任業(ye)(ye)(ye)務員(yuan)，主要(yao)負責(ze)部分(fen)省(sheng)份的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銷售及(ji)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)拓展(zhan)工(gong)作。反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)與(yu)(yu)(yu)宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超先后簽訂兩份勞(lao)動合(he)同，并約定有(you)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)條(tiao)款(kuan)和(he)(he)競(jing)(jing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)款(kuan)。反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)對(dui)(dui)其經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定有(you)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，對(dui)(dui)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)及(ji)潛(qian)在客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)采(cai)(cai)取(qu)了(le)(le)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)措施，同時(shi)向宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超及(ji)其他(ta)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務員(yuan)支付(fu)了(le)(le)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)費用(yong)。鶴(he)壁(bi)市睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)商(shang)(shang)(shang)貿有(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡稱睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，即鶴(he)壁(bi)睿(rui)(rui)明(ming)(ming)特科技有(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)前身）成(cheng)(cheng)立于2011年6月22日，經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營范圍為(wei)(wei)(wei)鋼材(cai)(cai)(cai)、建材(cai)(cai)(cai)、五金交(jiao)電、涂(tu)板、反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)護欄。在睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營期(qi)間，宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超以(yi)宋(song)(song)(song)翔名(ming)義參與(yu)(yu)(yu)辦理(li)睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)登記手(shou)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關工(gong)作。睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)銀行往來(lai)(lai)賬目顯示(shi)，自(zi)2011年8月1日至(zhi)2015年7月31日期(qi)間，睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)與(yu)(yu)(yu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)筆交(jiao)易客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)重合(he)，宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超以(yi)個人名(ming)義從睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)賬戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)取(qu)款(kuan)多(duo)次。反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)遂以(yi)侵(qin)害商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)秘密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)由(you)，將宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超等訴至(zhi)法院。一審法院認為(wei)(wei)(wei)，宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超、睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)對(dui)(dui)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)秘密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)共(gong)同侵(qin)權(quan)。二(er)審法院認為(wei)(wei)(wei)，根據(ju)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)所(suo)(suo)提供的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)易記錄(lu)及(ji)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)來(lai)(lai)往票據(ju)，其中(zhong)“品種”“規(gui)(gui)格(ge)”“數(shu)量”能夠說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特需求，“成(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)日期(qi)”能夠反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)映(ying)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)要(yao)貨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)律，“單(dan)(dan)價(jia)”能夠說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)對(dui)(dui)價(jia)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)承受(shou)能力(li)和(he)(he)價(jia)格(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)底線，“備(bei)注”反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)映(ying)了(le)(le)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)。這些內容構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秘密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)點。上(shang)述(shu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)涉及(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)已與(yu)(yu)(yu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供貨渠(qu)道，保持著良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)易關系，在生產(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營中(zhong)具(ju)有(you)實用(yong)性(xing)，能夠為(wei)(wei)(wei)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)帶來(lai)(lai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟利益(yi)、競(jing)(jing)爭優勢。反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)述(shu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)(le)具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，對(dui)(dui)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)及(ji)潛(qian)在客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)采(cai)(cai)取(qu)了(le)(le)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)措施，并與(yu)(yu)(yu)宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超明(ming)(ming)確(que)約定了(le)(le)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)條(tiao)款(kuan)、競(jing)(jing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)款(kuan)，向宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超及(ji)其他(ta)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務員(yuan)支付(fu)了(le)(le)相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)費用(yong)，可以(yi)證明(ming)(ming)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)述(shu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)采(cai)(cai)取(qu)了(le)(le)合(he)理(li)保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)措施。綜上(shang)，可以(yi)認定反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)名(ming)單(dan)(dan)構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)秘密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超負有(you)對(dui)(dui)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)忠實義務，其中(zhong)包括對(dui)(dui)工(gong)作中(zhong)接觸(chu)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)進(jin)行保密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)義務，其明(ming)(ming)知公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關管理(li)規(gui)(gui)定及(ji)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)名(ming)單(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開性(xing)和(he)(he)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)價(jia)值(zhi)，但仍私自(zi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)進(jin)行交(jiao)易，且與(yu)(yu)(yu)睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)來(lai)(lai)往頻繁，構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)披露(lu)、使(shi)用(yong)、允(yun)許他(ta)人使(shi)用(yong)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)，侵(qin)害了(le)(le)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)秘密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)不正當(dang)地獲取(qu)、使(shi)用(yong)了(le)(le)宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超所(suo)(suo)掌握的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)擁(yong)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)秘密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。宋(song)(song)(song)俊(jun)超、睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)對(dui)(dui)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)秘密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)共(gong)同侵(qin)權(quan)。因睿(rui)(rui)欣(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)已變更為(wei)(wei)(wei)睿(rui)(rui)明(ming)(ming)特公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，故侵(qin)權(quan)責(ze)任應由(you)睿(rui)(rui)明(ming)(ming)特公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)承擔(dan)。

　　【典型意義】

　　本(ben)案(an)(an)是(shi)涉(she)及商業秘密(mi)保護的(de)典型案(an)(an)例。商業秘密(mi)案(an)(an)件因(yin)證據復雜、隱蔽，通常(chang)審(shen)理難度較大。特別(bie)是(shi)，因(yin)員(yuan)工離(li)職等(deng)帶來的(de)商業秘密(mi)保護問題(ti)一(yi)直是(shi)司(si)法實踐中的(de)難點。本(ben)案(an)(an)判決對商業秘密(mi)案(an)(an)件中“不為(wei)公眾所知(zhi)悉”“保密(mi)措施”“商業價(jia)值(zhi)”以(yi)及賠(pei)償責任的(de)確定等(deng)重要法律問題(ti)，結(jie)合案(an)(an)情進行了(le)細致和全(quan)面的(de)闡釋，對類似(si)案(an)(an)件的(de)審(shen)理具(ju)有較強的(de)規則指引意義。此外，本(ben)案(an)(an)還著重強調了(le)員(yuan)工離(li)職后的(de)保密(mi)義務，倡導了(le)誠實信用(yong)的(de)價(jia)值(zhi)取向。

　　10.“易查網”侵犯著作權罪案

　　北京易查(cha)無限(xian)信息技術有(you)限(xian)公司(si)、于東侵犯著(zhu)作(zuo)權罪案(an)〔上海浦(pu)東新區人民(min)法院（2015）浦(pu)刑（知）初字第12號(hao)刑事(shi)判決書(shu)〕

　　【案情摘要】

　　被(bei)告(gao)單(dan)位(wei)北京易(yi)查(cha)(cha)無限信息技術有限公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)（以下(xia)(xia)簡稱易(yi)查(cha)(cha)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)）系(xi)“易(yi)查(cha)(cha)網(wang)(wang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)經營者。該(gai)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法定(ding)代表(biao)人(ren)及技術負責(ze)人(ren)于東提出開(kai)(kai)發觸屏(ping)版小(xiao)(xiao)說(shuo)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)方案(an)(an)，易(yi)查(cha)(cha)網(wang)(wang)將WEB小(xiao)(xiao)說(shuo)網(wang)(wang)頁轉(zhuan)(zhuan)碼成(cheng)WAP網(wang)(wang)頁供(gong)(gong)移動用戶(hu)閱讀。公(gong)安機關扣押了易(yi)查(cha)(cha)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)器硬(ying)盤(pan)，鑒(jian)定(ding)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)以此搭建(jian)出局域網(wang)(wang)環境(jing)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“易(yi)查(cha)(cha)網(wang)(wang)”，發現可(ke)(ke)以搜索、閱讀并下(xia)(xia)載(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)說(shuo)。鑒(jian)定(ding)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)對從硬(ying)盤(pan)中(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)798本(ben)小(xiao)(xiao)說(shuo)與玄(xuan)霆公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)享(xiang)有著(zhu)作(zuo)權的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)名小(xiao)(xiao)說(shuo)進(jin)行了比對，確(que)定(ding)相同(tong)字節(jie)(jie)數(shu)占總字節(jie)(jie)數(shu)70%以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有588本(ben)。被(bei)告(gao)人(ren)及其辯護人(ren)提出，“易(yi)查(cha)(cha)網(wang)(wang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)發設想系(xi)提供(gong)(gong)搜索及轉(zhuan)(zhuan)碼服(fu)務(wu)，而(er)非內(nei)容服(fu)務(wu)，即在用戶(hu)搜索并點擊閱讀時(shi)，對來源網(wang)(wang)頁進(jin)行轉(zhuan)(zhuan)碼后(hou)臨時(shi)復(fu)(fu)制到硬(ying)盤(pan)上(shang)形成(cheng)緩存(cun)并提供(gong)(gong)給(gei)用戶(hu)閱讀，當用戶(hu)離開(kai)(kai)閱讀頁面時(shi)自(zi)動刪(shan)除該(gai)緩存(cun)。但根(gen)據鑒(jian)定(ding)確(que)認(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)實可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)，“易(yi)查(cha)(cha)網(wang)(wang)”在將其所謂(wei)“臨時(shi)復(fu)(fu)制”的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容傳輸給(gei)觸發“轉(zhuan)(zhuan)碼”的(de)(de)(de)(de)用戶(hu)后(hou)，并未(wei)隨即將相應(ying)內(nei)容從服(fu)務(wu)器硬(ying)盤(pan)中(zhong)(zhong)自(zi)動刪(shan)除，被(bei)“復(fu)(fu)制”的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)說(shuo)內(nei)容仍可(ke)(ke)被(bei)其他用戶(hu)再(zai)次利(li)用，上(shang)述行為已明顯超出轉(zhuan)(zhuan)碼技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)必要過程。據此可(ke)(ke)以認(ren)(ren)定(ding)，“易(yi)查(cha)(cha)網(wang)(wang)”直接向(xiang)網(wang)(wang)絡用戶(hu)提供(gong)(gong)了涉案(an)(an)文字作(zuo)品。易(yi)查(cha)(cha)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)未(wei)經著(zhu)作(zuo)權人(ren)許可(ke)(ke)，通過“易(yi)查(cha)(cha)網(wang)(wang)”傳播(bo)他人(ren)享(xiang)有著(zhu)作(zuo)權的(de)(de)(de)(de)文字作(zuo)品500余部，情節(jie)(jie)嚴(yan)重，已構成(cheng)侵犯(fan)(fan)著(zhu)作(zuo)權罪(zui)(zui)。于東作(zuo)為易(yi)查(cha)(cha)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)直接負責(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主管人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)，亦應(ying)承擔侵犯(fan)(fan)著(zhu)作(zuo)權罪(zui)(zui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刑事(shi)責(ze)任(ren)。本(ben)案(an)(an)中(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)查(cha)(cha)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)及于東具有自(zi)首和通過賠償獲得被(bei)害單(dan)位(wei)諒(liang)解的(de)(de)(de)(de)等酌情從輕處(chu)罰情節(jie)(jie)，法院綜合考慮本(ben)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)情節(jie)(jie)、后(hou)果，依法判(pan)(pan)(pan)處(chu)單(dan)位(wei)罰金，判(pan)(pan)(pan)處(chu)于東緩刑及罰金。宣判(pan)(pan)(pan)后(hou)，易(yi)查(cha)(cha)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、于東均未(wei)提出上(shang)訴。

　　【典型意義】

　　轉碼(ma)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)是隨著(zhu)移動(dong)閱(yue)讀(du)逐漸普及產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一項技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，本(ben)案(an)是移動(dong)閱(yue)讀(du)網(wang)站不(bu)當使用轉碼(ma)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)構成侵犯(fan)(fan)(fan)著(zhu)作(zuo)權(quan)罪(zui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)案(an)件。判決對(dui)“轉碼(ma)”技(ji)術(shu)(shu)實施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點以及必要限度進(jin)(jin)行(xing)了詳細闡釋，從信息網(wang)絡傳播行(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)質出發，厘(li)清了“轉碼(ma)”行(xing)為罪(zui)與非罪(zui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界(jie)限。本(ben)案(an)較好地展現(xian)了在(zai)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)飛速發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代背(bei)景下，知識產權(quan)司(si)法保護在(zai)堅(jian)持技(ji)術(shu)(shu)中(zhong)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，如何結合(he)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)事實認真厘(li)清有(you)關技(ji)術(shu)(shu)是否超(chao)越(yue)法律范圍、侵犯(fan)(fan)(fan)他(ta)人合(he)法權(quan)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準。對(dui)于以技(ji)術(shu)(shu)為擋箭牌，侵權(quan)情節嚴重(zhong)，符合(he)知識產權(quan)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)罪(zui)構成要件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為，應(ying)依法給予(yu)刑事處罰。本(ben)案(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裁判結果充分體現(xian)了人民法院處理科(ke)技(ji)進(jin)(jin)步帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新型犯(fan)(fan)(fan)罪(zui)行(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)司(si)法智慧和司(si)法能力(li)(li)，彰顯了依法打擊(ji)侵犯(fan)(fan)(fan)知識產權(quan)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)罪(zui)行(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)度和決心。